REFERENCES for Normal Swallowing Physiology

1. Flowers C, Morris H. Oral-pharyngeal movement during swallowing and speech. Cleft Palate J. 1973; 10: 181-191.
2. Hrycyshyn AW, Basmajian JV. EMG of the oral stage of swallowing in man. Am J Anatomy. 1972; 133: 333-340.
3. Hollinshead WH: Anatomy for Surgeons: Volume 1. The Head and Neck (3rd ed.) Harper & Row, Philadelphia, pp. 367-371, 1982.
4. Hirano M, Kuroiwa Y, Tanaka S, Matsuoka H, Sato K. Dysphagia following various degrees of surgical resection for oral cancer. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 1992; 101: 138-141.
5. McConnel FMS. Analysis of pressure generation and bolus transit during pharyngeal swallowing. Laryngoscope 1988; 98: 71-78.
6. Kent RD, Kent JF, Weismer G, Sufit RL, Rosenbeck JC. Impairment of speech intelligibility in men with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Speech Hearing Dis. 1990; 55: 721-728.
7. Aviv JE, Hecht CS, Weinberg H, Dalton JF, Urken ML. Surface sensibility of the floor of mouth and tongue in healthy controls and in radiated patients. Otolaryngol-Head Neck Surg. 1992; 107: 418- 423.
8. Kapur KK, Garrett NR, Fischer E. Effects of anesthesia of human oral structures on masticatory performance and food particle size distribution. Arch Oral Biol. 1990; 35: 397-403.
REFERENCES (continued)
9. Teichgraeber J, Bowman J, Goepfert H. Functional analysis of treatment of oral cavity cancer. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1986; 112: 959-965.
10. Aviv JE, Martin JH, Jones ME, Wee TA, Diamond B, Keen MS, Blitzer, A: Age-related changes in pharyngeal and supraglottic sensation. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 1994; 103: 749-752.
11. Sonies BC, Parent LJ, Morrish K, Baum BJ. Durational aspects of the oral-pharyngeal phase of swallow in normal adults. Dysphagia. 1988; 3: 1-10.
12. Ward PH, Colton R, McConnel FMS, Malmgren L, Kashima H, Woodson G. Aging of the voice and swallowing. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1989; 100: 283-286.
13. Niederman MS, Fein AM. Pneumonia in the elderly. Geriatr Clin North Am. 1986; 2:241-268.
14. Blonsky E, Logemann J, Boshes B. Comparison of speech and swallowing function in patients with tremor disorders and in normal geriatric patients patients: a cine fluorographic study. J Gerontol. 1975; 30: 299-305.
15. Ali GN, Laundl TM, Wallace KL, deCarle DJ, Cook IJS. Influence of cold stimulation on the normal pharyngeal swallow response. Dysphagia. 1996; 11: 2-8.
16. Palmer J, Rudin N, Lara G, Crompton A. Coordination of mastication and swallowing. Dysphagia. 1992; 7: 187-200.
17. Ludlow CL, Van Pelt F, Koda J. Characteristics of late responses to superior laryngeal nerve stimulation in humans. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1992; 101: 127-134.
REFERENCES (continued)
18. Aviv JE, Martin J, Kim T, Thomson JE, Sacco RL, Diamond B, Close LG. The laryngeal adductor reflex and laryngopharyngeal sensation. Annals Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 1999; in press.
19. Sinclair W. Initiation of reflex swallowing from the naso- and oropharynx. Am J Physiol 1971; 218: 956-959.
20. Storey A. Laryngeal initiation of swallowing. Exp Neurol. 1968; 20: 359-365.
21. Miller JL, Watkin KL. Lateral pharyngeal wall motion during swallowing using real time ultrasound. Dysphagia 1997; 12: 125-132.
22. Ekberg O, Nylander G. Cineradiography of the pharyngeal stage of deglutition in 150 individuals without dysphagia. Br J Radiol 1982; 55: 253-257.
23. Shaker R, Dodds WJ, Dantas RO, Hogan WJ, Arndorfer RC. Coordination of deglutitive glottic closure with oropharyngeal swallowing. Gastroenterology 1990; 98: 1478-1484.
24. Wilson JA, Pryde A, White A, Maher L, Maran AGD. Swallowing performance in patients with vocal fold motion impairment. Dysphagia. 1995; 10: 149-154.
25. Adran G, Kemp F. The mechanism of the larynx. II. The epiglottis and closure of the larynx. Br J Radiol. 1967; 40: 372-389.
26. Selley WG, Ellis RE, Flack FC, Bayliss CR, Pearce VR. The synchronization of respiration and swallow sounds with videofluoroscopy during swallowing. Dysphagia. 1994; 9:162-167.
27. Smith J, Wolkove N, Colacone A, Kreisman H.Coordination of eating, drinking and breathing in adults. Chest. 1989; 96:578-582.
28. Olsson R, Nilsson H, Ekberg O. Simultaneous videoradiography and pharyngeal solid state manometry (videomanometry) in 25 nondysphagic volunteers. Dysphagia. 1995; 10: 36-41.
29. Dantas RO, Kern MK, Massey BT, Dodds WJ, Kahrilas PJ, Brasseur JG, Cook IJ, Lang IM. Effect of swallowed bolus variables on the oral and pharyngeal phases of swallowing. Am J Physiol. 1990; 258: G675 - G681.
30. McConnel FMS, Cerenko D, Mendelsohn MS. Manofluorographic analysis of swallowing. Oto Clin NA. 1988; 21: 625-635.
31. Lang IM, Shaker R. Anatomy and physiology of the upper esophageal sphincter. Am J Med 1997; 103:50S-55S.
32. Brasseur JG, Dodds WJ. Interpretation of intraluminal manometric measurements in terms of swallowing mechanics. Dysphagia 1991; 6: 100-119.
33. Lang IM, Shaker R. Anatomy and physiology of the upper esophageal sphincter. Am J Med 1997; 103:50S-55S.
34. Elidan J, Gonen B, Shochina M, Gay I. Electromyography of the inferior constrictor and cricopharyngeal muscles during swallowing. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1990; 99:46-49.
35. Kahrilas PJ, Dodds WJ, Dent J, Logemann JA, Shaker R. Upper esophageal sphincter function during deglutition. Gastroenterology. 1988; 95: 52-62.
36. Jacob P, Kahrilas P, Logemann JA, Shah V, Ha T. Upper esophageal sphincter opening and modulation during swallowing. Gastroenterology. 1989; 97: 1469-1478.
37. Kahrilas PJ, Logemann JA, Lin S, Ergun GA. Pharyngeal clearance during swallowing: a combined manometric and videofluoroscopic study. Gastroenterology. 1992; 103: 128-136.
38. Kahrilas PJ. Upper esophageal sphincter function during antegrade and retrograde transit. Am J Med 1997; 103:56S-60S.
39. Murakami Y, Fukuda H, Kirchner JA. The cricopharyngeus muscle. An electrophysiological and neuropharmacological study. Acta Otolaryngol(Suppl) 1973; 311:4-19.
40. Mu L, Sanders I. The innervation of the human upper esophageal sphincter. Dysphagia. 1996; 11: 234-238.
41. Medda BK, Lang IM, Layman R, Hogan WJ, Dodds WJ, Shaker R. Characterization and quantification of a pharyngo-UES contractile reflex in cats. Am J Physiol. 1994; 167: (Gastrointest Liver Physiol 30) G972-G983.
REFERENCES (continued)
42. Ren J, Shaker R, Lang I, Sui Z. Effect of volume, temperature and anesthesia on the pharyngo-UES contractile reflex in humans. Gastroenterology. 1995; 108:A677.
43. Pope CE. The esophagus for the nonesophagologist. Am J Med. 1997; 103: 19S-22S.
44. Li M, Brasseur JG, Dodds WJ. Analyses of normal and abnormal esophageal transport using computer simulations. Am J Physiol. 1994; 266:G525-G543.
45. Christensen J. Mechanisms of secondary esophageal peristalsis. Am J Med. 1997; 103: 44S-46S.
46. Christensen J. The forms of argyrophilic ganglion cells in the myenteric plexus throughout the gastrointestinal tract of the opossum. J Autonomic Nervous System .1988; 24: 251-260.
47. Stein HJ, Liebermann-Meffert D, DeMeester TR, Siewert JR. Three-dimensional pressure image and muscular structure of the human lower esophageal sphincter. Surgery 1995; 117: 692-698.
48. Dent J. Patterns of lower esophageal sphincter function associated with gastroesophageal reflux. Am J Med. 1997; 103: 19S-22S.
49. Dua K, Bardan E, Ren J, Hogan WJ, Arndorfer RC. Effect of cigarette smoking on pharyngo-upper esophageal sphincter (UES) contractile reflex. Gastroenterology. 1997; 112:A72.
50. Enzmann DR, Harell GS, Zboralske FF. Upper esophageal responses to intraluminal distension in man. Gastroenterology. 1977; 72: 1292-1298.
51. Gerhardt DC, Shuck TJ, Bordeaux RA, Winship DH. Human upper esophageal sphincter response to volume, osmotic, and acid stimuli. Gastroenterology 1978; 75: 268-274.
52. Shaker R, Dodds WJ, Ren J, Hogan WJ, Arndorfer RC. Esophagolottal closure reflex: a mechanism of airway protection. Gastroenterology 1992; 102: 857-861.
53. Shaker R, Ren J, Hogan WJ, Liu J, Podvrsan B, Sui Z.. Glottal function during postprandial gastroesophageal reflux. Gastroenterology 1993; 104: A581.
54. Ren J, Shaker R, Dua K, Trifan A, Podvrsan B, Sui Z. Glottal adduction response to pharyngeal water stimulation stimulation: evidence for a pharyngoglottal closure reflex. Gastroenterology 1994; 106: A558.
55. Jean A, Car A. Inputs to the swallowing medullary neurons from the peripheral afferent fibers and the swallowing cortical area. Brain Res. 1979; 78:567-572.
56. Jean A. Brainstem organization of the swallowing network. Brain Behavior and Evolution. 1984;25:109-116.
57. Martin JH, The somatic sensory system in Martin JH, Neuroanatomy: Text and Atlas. Elsevier, New York 1989, pp. 122-123.
58. Miller AJ, Bowman JP. Precentral cortical modulation of mastication and swallowing. J Dental Res 1977; 56:1154.
59. Martin RE, Sessle BJ. The role of the cerebral cortex in swallowing. Dysphagia. 1993; 8:195-202.
60. Hamdy S, Aziz Q, Rothwell JC, Singh KD, Barlow J, Hughes DG, Talalis RC, Thompson DC. The cortical topography of human swallowing musculature in health and disease. Nature Med. 1996; 2: 1217-1224.
61. Hamdy S, Aziz Q, Rothwell JC, Crone R, Hughes DG, Tallis RC, Thompson DC. Explaining oropharyngeal dysphagia after unilateral hemispheric stroke. Lancet 1997; 350:686-692.
62. Doty RW, Richmond WH, Storey AT. Effect of medullary lesions on coordination of deglutition. Exp Neurol. 1967; 17: 91-106.
63. Neumann S, Buchholz D, Jones B, Palmer J. Pharyngeal dysfunction after lateral medullary infarction is bilateral: review of 15 additional cases (Abstract). Dysphagia. 1995;10: 136.
64. Aviv JE, Mohr JP, Blitzer A, Thomson JE, Close LG. Restoration of laryngopharyngeal sensation by neural anastomosis. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1997; 123: 154-160. 65. Buchholz DW, Neumann S. Comments on selected recent dysphagia literature. Dysphagia. 1998; 13:66-67.